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GUARDING
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Design
·
LOCKOUT
Machines must be designed and built to make danger zones inaccessible.
If no person has access to a danger zone, it must be fitted with a fixed guard,
an interlocked guard, or a sensor. If a person has access to a danger zone, it
must be fitted with an interlocked guard, an automatically closing guard, an
adjustable guard, a sensor, or a two-hand control.
If installing a guard makes machine operation impractical, the employer
must take precautions to ensure equivalent protection i.e. work organization,
training, operating conditions, or personal protective equipment.
Guards must be installed before operating a machine. (Occupational Health and Safety Regulation 885-2001, 182-184)
A guard must be designed so that it does not cause extra risks or be a source of danger. (Occupational Health and Safety Regulation 885-2001, 187)
Machines must be
equipped with a control device to start and stop the machine under safe
conditions.
When the starting
of a machine causes danger, it must be equipped with a warning device.
If the machine requires a worker to operate it, it must be equipped with an emergency stop that stops the machine in the shortest possible time. The stop must be visible and within easy reach, require a single action to activate it, and be clearly identified. Resetting the emergency stop must not start the machine. (Occupational Health and Safety Regulation 885-2001, 189-192)
Lockout is required before any maintenance, repair, or unjamming in a danger zone. The power to the machine must be switched off, the machine come to a stop, and workers exposed must lock off all sources of energy. (Occupational Health and Safety Regulation 885-2001, 185)
When a
worker must access a danger zone for adjustment, repair, or detecting abnormal
operations and must remove a guard, the machine shall only be restarted by a
manual control or with a safety procedure. Manual start or safety procedure
must have the following features: it must cause any other control mode or
procedure to become inoperable, only allow dangerous parts of machine to
operate by continuous control device or two-hand control, or allow operation
under special security e.g. low speed, reduced tension, or step by step. (Occupational
Health and Safety Regulation 885-2001,
186)
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